Essay about Personal Writing - Mistake - 1194 Words

Personal Writing - Mistake He sat there, eyes locked onto the screen. It cast an eerie glow onto his face, the only source of light in the otherwise dark room. His eyes never moving, he ran his fingers over the keys, hammering them clumsily. The long day at school had taken its toll on him. No one understood him. It filled him with a burning hate. His fellow students avoided him as if he had some sort of hideous abnormality. The teachers picked on him just because he did things differently. Accusing him of cheating, of plagiarism, of copying that woman, his maths teacher had kept him in an hour after school. Upon arriving home he had wisely to go quickly to his room, avoiding contact with his†¦show more content†¦After all, its good to spend time with your friend. His blue clock with roman numerals sat on the wall, and on his wrist loosely fastened, lay his leather strapped watch. Both ticked menacingly, both swallowed his precious time, both opposed him. As his fingers moved he recalled how he had found this line of work. A single post on a digital bulletin board that read Make big money by providing a service!. The money had drawn his eyes towards it, and he had read the post with great interest. It had contained a link to an underground site that briefly outlined: how it would be done; how employers could be found; and most importantly, the pay. In small black writing at the bottom had been a small reminder of the risks. He hardly even gave it a second glance. He had found himself the necessary tools and underground sources, and had taught himself slowly how to do it smoothly. He had started off small at first. Three figured fees had slowly become four figured. These in turn became five figured. He thought of what he did and the word used to describe it. Hacking. What a harsh word he thought. People who didnt understand it thought of it as a bad thing. He thought of it for what it was. An art. Images, text, password screens all a blur to him, flew across the screen as he typed. It was easy for him. As he watched the blur that was his fingers, heShow MoreRelatedPersonal Experience: English Composition Course622 Words   |  3 Pages Focusing in self- evaluation to improve the learning process, help me to set goals and be aware of my own mistakes. When the English Composition course started, I wanted to be able to express my thoughts and my ideas in an effective way. The continuation of my education was very difficult, and I began to doubt myself when faced with the first couple of weeks. My first assignment was my most difficult assignment, and I found myself having trouble sticking to a thesis, because I had so manyRead MoreStrengths and Weaknesses Essay844 Words   |  4 Pageswritten reflections on my writing and participated in group activities. I have received comments back from my peers and suggestions to help with revising my paper. With the help of my professor, Professor Church and my classmates, I was able to comprehend their suggestions to me to make my essay better and by revising my classmate’s essays, I was able to point out mistakes that I might have made in my essay, which mad e myself go back to my essay and check and see if I had mistakes that just flew by myRead MoreReflection Paper About English Composition930 Words   |  4 PagesEnglish Composition I has developed my style of writing and my skills analyzing and researching topics to write a piece about a topic. Throughout the course, I got better at analyzing articles and pieces to get the meaning of the topic. With that improved skill I was more able to use the information given from the text and install it into my essays, with proper citation if needed. Before taking the English Composition course, I was not one to organize my essays in an ordeal order to clearly stateRead MoreThe Effects Of Texting On Teens And Their Writing886 Words   |  4 PagesIn recent discussion of, â€Å"Does Texting Affects Writing† by Michaela Cullington, one view is that texting has a negative impact on teens and their writing. Cullington shows both sides of what students, teachers, and professors have to say about the issue of texting; yet after research this belief may not prove to be true. Then she writes about personal experience regarding the issue.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Text has become one of the most common ways teenagers communicate with others. This led to many people believingRead MoreEssay On Freelance Writing826 Words   |  4 PagesFreelance Writing Mistakes That Could Ruin Your Career Freelance writing is certainly a lucrative venture if you’re looking for a side hustle to supplement your income. In fact, if you play your cards right, freelance writing could be your main and best source of income. However, most online writers end up making unavoidable mistakes that destroy their freelancing careers long before they’ve had a chance to grow. There are, of course, hundreds of mistakes you could potentially make, but this articleRead MorePersonal Reflection1050 Words   |  5 PagesThis past semester was a successful one, where I learned a lot about proper writing. I came into the course with a basic understanding of writing academic papers, and left with a good understanding. Throughout the course I became better prepared to meet General Education Student Outlines, and it was evident while revising my first project, the personal narrative. The first objective was â€Å"Students will identify and apply multiple approaches to the study of language, usage, grammar, diction, and styleRead MoreMy Strengths And Weaknesses Of Writing823 Words   |  4 PagesIt is important that students are aware of writing errors such as grammar, spelling, punctuation and avoid plagiarism. Masters level writing is different than other forms of writing and students must be able to address to an academic audience. APA formatting is also necessary for all assignments whether writing papers or submitting power point presentations. I will provide a summary of all feedback received from my instructor in Weeks one, two, and four from my individual assignments. I will presentRead MoreIelts Writing1096 Words   |  5 PagesIELTS writing - the editing process [pic] Sunday, June 14, 2009 Posted by Dominic Cole [pic][pic][pic] Writing for IELTS is quite different from academic writing for at least one very good reason: timing. 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Students Of The Metro Early College High School - 2335 Words

We, the students of the Metro Early College High School, in order to promote the conditions of our peers and provide prosperity to our community, both as students and citizens, for the continuity of our school and for the classmen to come do establish this as the constitution of the Student Council of the Metro Early College High School. Article One: The Purpose and Composition of the Student Council Section One: The Purpose of the Student Council The Student Council is a Student Government organization within the Metro Community. The Metro Community will be defined as the Students and Staff of the Metro Early College High School. The Student Council has the sole goal of improving the Metro Community. The Student Council will take Actions†¦show more content†¦For the years after this Constitution is ratified, the previous year’s Leadership Team will conduct these duties. After the Advisory Representatives are chosen the first Student Council Meeting will be scheduled and conducted by the previous year’s Leadership Team. The first Student Council Meeting of each year will address the Leadership Team Positions and start the Election Process. All following Student Council Meetings will have their topics and agendas determined by the current Leadership Team and Host Administrator. The Student Council will hold regular meetings throughout the School Year Student Council Meetings will occur at minimum once every other week during Advisory in the Fall and Spring Semesters. The Student Council may schedule Additional Student Council Meetings as needed. Additional Student Council Meetings may occur during Advisory, Lunch and After School. Additional Student Council Meetings may be scheduled during J-Term. Student Council Meetings will adhere to the Host Administrator’s Schedule. Each member of the Student Council shall be responsible for the time they spend at Student Council Meetings. Any assignments, discussions or events missed by attending a Student Council Meeting may not be exempted because of an individual’s membership in the Student Council. Section Three: Composition of the Student Council The Student Council will be composed of the following. An Administrator delegated as the Host of the Student Council. A

Caribbean Music Essay Example for Free free essay sample

Topic: In a few paragraphs, describe what is denoted by Caribbean music in a new mode. What emphasis, in this chapter, seems to justify a departure from traditional presentations of music and culture of the Caribbean?Caribbean music is a music mode with a different culture, it’s a new mode before I talk about Caribbean music, I’d like to introduce the geography of the Caribbean first. The Caribbean area is composed of many countries in Central America with a population of over 200 million. The reason why I talk about the geography is that Caribbean’s music is not solely affected by the region itself. Because of the migration in Caribbean region, Caribbean music is this area has had a triple impact. There are Amerindian, African and European.First, the indigenous people of Caribbean are Amerindian, so there is no denying that Caribbean music was affected by the Amerindian. I want to focus on the impact of African and European on Caribbean music. We will write a custom essay sample on Caribbean Music Essay Example for Free or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The Caribbean was colonized by European for more than 300 years. For any colonial ruler, integrating their culture into the colonies was something they had to do, including music. The countries of Europe, especially Spain and Portugal, which are located in the Iberian peninsula, have spread their music culture to the whole of Latin America. There is no doubt that European has a great influence on Caribbean music. Another system brought about by colonial rule was slavery. At the same time, black slaves from Africa brought their primitive, grassroots music to this region. As we all know, Africans’ fondness for music is self-evident. Music is most important and happy thing for African to live in a quite poor environment. This is a new music mode that combines these cultures. The impact on the Caribbean music in Africa and Europe is also reflected in the rhythm and music style, for example, the rhythm of Candomble, the music style of reggae. I want to talk about the music style of reggae, the origin of reggae music in Jamaica, but reggae music combines traditional African rhythms, American blues music, and the original Jamaican folklore music. Most of these lyrics are based on religious tradition, and I think the role of these lyrics is to emphasize social, political and humanistic care. The unique music form of reggae also has had a great influence on music in the word. As far as I am concerned, Caribbean music is a unique style of music under many cultures’ influence, people cannot emphasize the importance of music. The Caribbean music in this new model has many symbolic meanings, it expresses people’s views on religion, though, and humanity in this area.

Othello and Iago free essay sample

The books do not have the same power as they used to have in the previous centuries. Nowadays, many books or written stories have been made into screen adoption . William Shakespeare wrote Othello the Moor of Venice to be performed. There are more than fifty movies, ballet performances and musicals about Othello. Each of them is different and shows a director’s unique perspective. What is it about this piece that makes people perform it so many times? In each generation people are trying to visualize the immortal theme of how manipulation and jealousy can change people’s lives. For example, in the movie Othello (1995) Oliver Parker contradicts with the text and shows the audience his view and understanding of the literary text. In the movie Othello (1995) with Laurence Fishburne, Parker, the director, uses actor’s performance, symbolic scenes and decor to help the audience emotionally understand the text. Parker’s production of the movie is very close to the original play. We will write a custom essay sample on Othello and Iago or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He uses the same language and wording, but visualization and his perspective of the play helps the audience experience empathy towards characters. For example, in the text Desdemona’s father describes her, â€Å" A maiden never bold / of spirit so still and quiet that her motion blushed at herself †(I. III . 94-96). In the movie the actress is young, beautiful and seems very innocent. Othello is described in the text as an exotic character, who shows an animalistic side. Roderigo says about Othello, â€Å"To the gross clasps of a lascivious Moor / †¦An extravagant and wheeling stranger†. (I. I. 126, 136). When Iago talks to Brabantio and tries to convince him that his daughter is with Othello he compares Othello to an animal. Iago says, â€Å"You’ll have your daughter covered with a Barbary horse†. I. I. 112). Or he also says, â€Å"Your daughter and the Moor are now making the beast with two backs† (I. I. 116). In the movie Othello has an intimidating appearance. He has pierced ears, wears jewelry and has tattoos. The right casting of characters helps to reveal them and grow parti cular attitude towards these characters in the movie. The audience when looking at beautiful and young Desdemona will most likely take her side and have compassion towards her. In contrast to Desdemona, Othello is more brutal and reveals bellicosity and rigidity. In the text Shakespeare describes Othello as a great warrior, who has suffered a lot. He doesn’t know much about love or peaceful life without battles. Othello says about himself: â€Å"Rude am I in my speech, / and little blessed with the soft phrase of piece†¦ The story of my life / from year to year-the battles, sieges, fortunes / that I have passed†¦ (I. III. 81-83, 129-131). This describes Othello as unexperienced, impulsive person, who is more used to violence than love. In the text when Iago tells Othello that Desdemona is not honest with him, Othello burst out at Iago: â€Å"Be sure of it; give me the ocular proof; or, by the worth of mine eternal soul, thou hadst been better born a dog than answer my waked wrath! (III.. III. 361-364). Othello is jealous of Desdemona but because he has no proof of it, he works his anger on Iago. In the movie Parker introduces a scene where Othello tries to drown Iago in the sea to emphasize Othello’s anger. Another scene where Othello shows his violence is when he slaps Desdemona across her face. One thing that can explain Othello’s inability to control anger and be violent is that he is left without his duty. He was send to Cyprus to defend people from the Turks but the war has never happened because of the storm that killed the Turks. Othello is left with himself, his thoughts and relationships with Desdemona. Marriage is a new experience to him, he does not know how to behave. Othello doubt his decision of getting married to Desdemona. He says, â€Å"Why did I marry? †¦O curse of marriage, / That we can call these delicate creatures ours, / and not their appetites! † (III. III. 242, 268-270). He is not used to a peaceful life, but violence and anger. Iago is using Othello’s frustration and strategy to convince Othello in Desdemona’s unfaithfulness. In the movie Parker makes Iago talk to the audience that helps develop and understand his plan, how is going to implement it. His ideas are clear and make sense, but audience still doesn’t know how the other characters will react to it and whether he will be successful or not. Parker leave that to the last scene when wounded Iago lies on the dead bodies of Othello, Desdemona and his wife. In this production Parker chooses and correctly considers the historical element by using the medieval costumes corresponding to that time, settings and decor of Venice with old buildings and canals with gondolas. However, he adds couple scenes that changes the audience’s perception of the text. In the beginning of the movie the audience see a couple in the gondola. The man covers his face with a mask, and then the young woman runs on the empty streets of Venice covering her face. This shows the audience that this couple are involved in some kind of a secret. Parker uses a cliche of a secret relationship by making the first scene happened at night, covering man’s face with a mask. This scene intrigues the audience and make it believe that this could be a love story movie. Compare to the text where Iago and Roderigo are the first ones to be presented in the text. They talk about how Iago didn’t get position of the lieutenant and how both of them hate the Moor. Iago says: â€Å"Were I the Moor, I would not be Iago. / In following him, I follow but myself; / Heaven is my judge, not I for love or duty, / but seeming so, for my peculiar end;†(I. I. 58-60). Only in the middle of the act I scene I, readers understand that Brabantio’s daughter secretly got married to the Moor and that is how Iago and Roderigo can use this against him. Iago says: â€Å"I m one, sir, that comes to tell you your daughter and the Moor are now making the beast with two backs†. (I. I . 116-117). Parker’s deviation from text catches the viewers attention better than just dry talks of Iago and Roderigo. Another movie innovation is when Parker makes Othello dream about Desdemona and Cassio being together. This emphasizes how much Othello is moved by that news. In the text Shakespeare makes Othello fall into epilepsy instead. Parker is also using symbol of the handkerchief. The symbol of handkerchief is important in the play. Othello gives special power to it. He says: That handkerchief Did an Egyptian to my mother give. She was a charmer, and could almost read The thoughts of people. She told her, while she kept it, Twould make her amiable and subdue my father Entirely to her love; but if she lost it Or made a gift of it, my father’s eye Should hold her loathed, and his spirits should hunt after new fancies. †( III. IV.. 50-58). In the movie Parker makes the handkerchief fly or fall on the black background in a slow motion. By doing so, he shows the audience the end of Othello and Desdemona’s love and predicts their death. Another symbolic scene that Parker introduces into the movie and doesn’t exist in the text is when Iago stands next to a pit and makes two figures that represent Othello and Desdemona fall into that pit. Parker compares Othello and Desdemona to the figures on the chessboard that were played and manipulated by Iago. Basically, he says that all that it was just a tactical game. He though connects that scene to another scene when Othello’s and Desdemona’s bodies are dumped to the sea. This parallel shows the audience hopelessness of the situation. This symbolic scene with figures explains how Parker understands parallels and hidden tips shown in the play. Shakespeare uses words and repeats phrases in the text to predict the end and guide the reader through the play. For example, in the text when Brabantio says to Othello, â€Å"Look to her, Moor, if thou hast eyes to see: / She has deceived her father, and may thee. † (I. III. 291-292). Othello responds to him, â€Å"My life upon her faith! † (I. III. 294). Later in the text, Iago mentions it again to Othello. He says, â€Å"Look at your wife; / wear your eyes thus, not jealous nor secure†¦ She did deceive her father, marrying you;( III. III. 197, 198, 206). At the end of the play Othello does exactly what he said before- he gives his life upon Desdemona’s faith and kills himself. Movies that are based on the plays or the books are showing the audience only one perception of that play or book, which is presented by the point of view of the director. Talented directors know that it is very hard to present the correct idea better than the original text. However, by making minor changes such as introducing symbolic scenes, choosing the right actors or the appropriate decor, the movie can guide the audience to a better understanding of the play. It can also help to develop new interpretations of the text.

Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe

Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe Traditional religion as well as religious beliefs and practices are important issues which are discussed in ‘Things Fall Apart’ by Chinua Achebe. The major theme focuses on the conflict between the Igbo society and culture as well as the religion of the colonists. The Umuofia society is religious as it is characterized by the worship of Chuckwu the chief the god, spirits and the ancestors. It is clear that the religion practiced in Umuofia is animistic in nature similar to other  traditional religions in other parts of Africa.   The people of Umuofia believed that most of both the living and non living things had the ability of possessing souls and the spirits. For instance, members of the society believed that forests like the evil forests had sprits of  evil and that is why twins were abandoned there as they  were considered to carry bad luck. Further studies indicate  that it was possible for a man to buy a craving in the market and make it to be an object o f worship after invoking his spirit in it.   There were other spirits like the spirits of rivers, lakes, wells and the earth, to name just a few.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In the Umuofia society, men and women were regarded differently as they did not hold the same positions. For instance, men were rulers as well as leaders while women were considered   Ã‚  as servants. Therefore, the spirits of women were inferior to the spirits of men although women were also allowed to carry out religious rituals since they could become priests. According to Achebe (pp. 30), the Umuofia community had a female deity who was known as ‘Ani’. In addition, there was also a male deity who was known as Agbala or the ‘Oracle of the Hills and the Caves’ (Achebe pp.30). According to Achebe, (pp. xxxv) ‘chi’  was a personal god for an  individual  which had the ability to  follow people throughout  their whole life.   One of the major characteristic of ‘chi’ was the fact that it was  capable of either  being  good or bad.   Such a characteristic was very important because  it  determined the success of an individual. Therefore, incase someone had a good ‘chi’, such a person ended up being successful while people with a bad chi were full of misfortunes. However, although ‘chi’ was powerful,  a person had the power of determining his destiny. In addition, medicine men could intervene and help someone with a bad ‘chi’  to become successful. The Umoufia society was powerful among its neighbors and was greatly feared. The neighbors considered going into war  with it as a last option, incase all the  other options  failed.   The priests and medicine men who were vey powerful contributed  greatly to  its  superiority.    Its source of the military power was the war medicine although the age of the same was not known.   The medicine  which was the source of  the strength was known as agadi-nwayi which meant an old  woman. Villagers  believed that an old woman with one leg was often seen by someone who passed by the shrine which was centrally placed in the evenings.   Since  the villagers believed that she was sacrificed when the village was being formed, that explains why she was capable of being powerful.   In addition, the villagers believed that performing religious practices and rituals made someone to be powerful. As a result, the woman could have derived  her power from the sacrifices  that took place during the formation of the village.Advertising Looking for essay on literature languages? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Achebe, Chinua. Things fall apart. Oxford: Heinemann, 1996. Print.

7 Famous Quotes From American Writer Jack London

7 Famous Quotes From American Writer Jack London Jack London was an American writer, famous for The Call of the Wild, Sea Wolf, Before Adam, Iron Heel, and many other works. Many of his novels were based on his real-life experiences as an adventurer and sailor. Here Are a Few Quotes From Jack London I would rather be ashes than dust! I would rather that my spark should burn out in a brilliant blaze than it should be stifled by dry rot. I would rather be a superb meteor, every atom of me in magnificent glow, than a sleepy and permanent planet. The proper function of man is to live, not to exist. I shall not waste my days in trying to prolong them. I shall use my time.- Jack LondonPictures! Pictures! Pictures! Often, before I learned, did I wonder whence came the multitudes of pictures that thronged my dreams; for they were pictures the like of which I had never seen in real wake-a-day life. They tormented my childhood, making of my dreams a procession of nightmares and a little later convincing me that I was different from my kind, a creature unnatural and accursed.- Jack London, Before AdamThe soft summer wind stirs the redwoods, and Wild-Water ripples sweet cadences over its mossy stones. There are butterflies in the sunshine, and from everywhere arises the drowsy hum of bees. It is so quiet and peaceful, and I sit here, and ponder, and am restless. It is the quiet that makes me restless. It seems unreal. All the world is quiet, but it is the quiet before the storm. I strain my ears, and all my senses, for some betrayal of that impending storm. Oh, that it may not be premature! That it may not be premature!- Jack London, Iron Heel The one opened the door with a latch-key and went in, followed by a young fellow who awkwardly removed his cap. He wore rough clothes that smacked of the sea, and he was manifestly out of place in the spacious hall in which he found himself. He did not know what to do with his cap, and was stuffing it into his coat pocket when the other took it from him. The act was done quietly and naturally, and the awkward young fellow appreciated it. He understands, was his thought. Hell see me through all right.- Jack London, Martin EdenBuck did not read the newspapers, or he would have known that trouble was brewing, not alone for himself, but for every tidewater dog, strong of muscle and with warm, long hair, from Puget Sound to San Diego. Because men, groping in the Arctic darkness, had found a yellow metal, and because steamship and transportation companies were booming the find, thousands of men were rushing into the Northland. These men wanted dogs, and the dogs they wanted were heavy dogs , with strong muscles by which to toil, and furry coats to protect them from the frost.- Jack London, The Call of the Wild All my life I have had an awareness of other times and places. I have been aware of other persons in me. Oh, and trust me, so have you, my reader that is to be. Read back into your childhood, and this sense of awareness I speak of will be remembered as an experience of childhood. You were then not fixed, not crystallized. You were plastic, a soul in flux, a consciousness and an identity in the process of formingay, of forming and forgetting.- Jack London, The Star RoverDark spruce forest frowned on either side the frozen waterway. The trees had been stripped by a recent wind of their white covering of frost, and they seemed to lean toward each other, black and ominous, in the fading light. A vast silence reigned over the land.- Jack London, White Fang

Comparative article review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Comparative article review - Essay Example omen in science, engineering and technology through a bias that sees these fields as essentially masculine by a stereotyping of the masculine image in the disciplines of science, engineering and technology. (1). On the other hand Robert Frith explores the concept of â€Å"cosmopolitan democracy† and its portents for the expansion of democracy beyond the borders of a state into transnational democracy as can be considered for Europe and the rights of women within such a democratic set up. (2). In her article Alison Phipps brings to the forefront the position of liberal-feminist politics since the 1970s encouraging women to be more conducive to going with the mainstream concept of what is suitable in science, engineering and technology. This is reflected in her words â€Å"changing women’s dispositions and perceptions in order that they might choose, and fit better into, SET†. This argument traces its origins to the position of Henwood (1998) that the equal opportunities politics for women in science, engineering and technology essentially attempted to have women participate in science, engineering and technology, without upsetting the gender bias that is against its equal participation. It is this argument that Alison Phipps tries to establish in her paper, which is replete with examples of the politics of women associated with the participation in science engineering and technology, tacitly accepts the dominance of the male gender in these disciplines and t he making of these disciplines as macho for the male gender. One of the examples she puts forth pertains the Associations for Women in Science and Engineering in the United Kingdom and the Association of Women in Science in the United sates of America and the opinion among its members that there â€Å"a lack of role models/lack of encouragement for girls in SET† and furthermore Set was given a macho image through the gendered childhood experiences, wherein there was reinforcement of the childhood concepts that

The History of the World in Six Glasses Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The History of the World in Six Glasses - Essay Example â€Å"Factory workers had to function like parts in a well-oiled machine, and tea was the lubricant that kept the factories running smoothly.† (p.200) Tea-break or tea-time became part of the sports activities and entertainment programs. Solid trade connections were established with the tea-producing countries like India and China, by some of the western countries, prominent amongst them was UK. The author has linked the thirst of the human throat to the thirst for material progress. He has unveiled the hidden agenda behind these drinks that have taken the commercial world by storm! When one makes an analysis, what all factors contributed to the concept of ‘world is one family,’ tea will be one of the top-contenders. The prime necessity to quench thirst needs no elaboration, appreciation, or explanation. Many thousands of years ago humans made their habitation near the rivers and lakes, precisely for his reason—to get adequate fresh water! Drinks shaped human history and growth and continue to have impact on the modern civilization. Tea, soon after it was introduced in UK, became a global drink! But there was always a storm in the cup of tea of the imperialists. The British people saw great potential in the tea trade, and exploited the business opportunity to the maximum extent. â€Å"Tea drinking is not the cause, but the consequences of the distresses of the poor. The drink of queens had also become the drink of last resort†¦ Tea had reached around the world from the world’s oldest empire and planted itself at the heart of the newest.† (p. 196) Tea cures, as well as creates problems for the human constitution and aggravates certain conditions of diseases. Those suffering from neuralgia and blood pressure should not drink tea. If one takes tea on empty stomach, it affects digestion and its consumption at bed-time, causes sleepless nights. It stimulates the nervous system and the urine

How Did Men Deal with the Stress of World War II Essay Example for Free

How Did Men Deal with the Stress of World War II Essay The iconic â€Å"thousand-yard stare†, a far-off, unfocused gaze characteristic of soldiers who had succumbed to the trauma of war by dissociating from it, emerged with its name through the chilling photos of soldiers who were overtaken by these symptoms in the wake of World War II. It’s no surprise that war takes a toll on the psyche of all those affected by it. Given the brutality and scope of World War II, which began only 21 years after World War II (a war that had already ravaged the landscape and people of Europe leaving high estimates of the death toll at 65 million deaths), civilians and soldiers alike were engulfed in total war. As Hitler and the Nazis’ ideology was based on â€Å"A War of Extermination† fueled by a racial ideology that sought for the ethnic cleansing and complete reengineering of the social population of Europe, the massive amount of Soviet soldiers that perished as they were thrown wave after wave in order to slow the Nazi war machine, and the general cruelty that was apparent in this war, soldiers upon soldiers grew appalled by the nature of the war. As one soldier confesses in The Italian Job, â€Å"After three months, it was demoralizing†¦ it was every night, every night everybody was hunting Germans, everybody was out to kill anybody†¦ we was insane†¦ We did become like animals in the end†¦ Yes, just like rats†¦ It was far worse than the desert. You were stuck in the same place. You had nowhere to go. You didn’t get no rest, like in the desert. No sleep†¦ You never expected to see the end of it. You just forgot why you were there† (Addison 208). Often times, the amount of effort put into it and the lives sacrificed seemed to far outweigh the benefits reaped from both; Gottlob Herbert Bidderman, a German soldier that was present on the Eastern Front reflected on â€Å"the insignificance of twelve kilometers: twelve kilometers—in an endless land, where unbroken fields stretched to the horizon before us from sunrise to sunset. I wondered how many more twelve-kilometer battles lay ahead of us during our march away from the setting sun† (Bidderman 23). However, like anything that people are overexposed to, these men slowly grew accustomed to and desensitized to the trocities and horrors of the war. Human beings are naturally adaptive beings and history has shown time and time again that they do what is needed in order to survive. It would be simplistic to classify each of the nations and their armies as being uniform in their coping with the war – due to the specific nature of some of the problems and solutions that emerged from belonging to that particular nation (such as the Soviets reveling in their loyalty and the cult-like worship of Stalin and the Nazis racial ideology being one that ensured in their mind their victory), but many men, regardless of their affiliation, handled the war similarly. Some treated the time on these fronts as a long extended workday, disassociating from the acts they committed and the sights they witnessed as simply being a part of a job. Others turned to their families away from home – brothers and sisters, who through their common experiences, pains, and moments of hope, stood together in solidarity. Others turned to the bottom of a bottle to ease the pain; while others turned instead upwards to a higher power, or at the very least began to frequent religious services. Those who were not willing to look quite so loftily turned to their superiors and leaders for guidance and bravery; while in the case of the Soviet soldiers, glanced fearfully backwards as the higher-ups pushed them forward to their death. Far away from home and under harsh conditions, food and other chanced upon provisions and commodities would often serve as a best to moral. Due to the sheer breadth of stress embodied in being a soldier in any front during WWII, soldiers dealt with the immense strain in varying ways in order to keep intact their humanity, or at the very least, keep their sanity so that they could ensure their survival. There is a perception held by many idealistic, young men that war is a somewhat akin to a noble crusade. However, there is the reality is much more analogous, to as one German soldier put it â€Å"this is ten times worse than hell† (Grossman 151). A scene from the Italian Job details this hell: â€Å"some (too many, far too many) were carried in dying, with gross combinations of shattered limbs, protrusions of intestines and brain from great holes in their poor frames torn by 880millimetre shells, mortars and anti-personnel bombs. Some lay quiet and still, with legs drawn up – penetrating wounds of the abdomen. Some were carried in sitting up on the stretcher, gasping and coughing, shot through the lungs †¦ All were exhausted after being under continuous fire, and after lying in the mud for hours and days† (Addison 208). As a result, as these idealistic notions were lost, many turned to viewing the entire ordeal as a job. Having suffered through the war for some time, one soldier remarked, â€Å"You’re fighting for the skin in the line. When I was enlisted I was patriotic as hell. There’s no patriotism in the line. A boy up there 60 days in the line is in danger every minute. He ain’t fighting for patriotism† (Addison 210). Another soldier enjoyed fighting at dawn as he felt that it was almost as if he was heading off to work at the factory. Rather than consciously thinking of all of the horrors that they were witnessing on a daily basis and focusing on the fact that they could die at any moment, the concept of just doing a job provided a blanket under which these men sought to maintain control of their humanity by separating their psyches from the appalling state of being they were in. A man in an earlier war who was quoted in Addison’s book stated that â€Å"whatever its size a man’s world was his section—at most, his platoon; all that mattered to him was the one little boatload of castaways with whom he was marooned on a desert island making shift to keep off the weather and any sudden attacks by wild beast† (Addison 211). Away from their families and friends, immersed in a bloody war where hundreds upon thousands of people could die in a skirmish or battle, these soldiers could only count on each other to truly understand the situation they were currently in. Beaten and battered together, having lost many of the same friends, triumphed momentarily, or retreated hastily, this mutual understanding gave way to a support group – a family who soldiers could lean upon and secure their well being. Of this, Bidermann wrote, â€Å"Our thoughts were constantly occupied by the tenuous if not hopeless situation in which we found ourselves. We received solace only in our numbers and in being with comrades with whom we had shared so many experiences over the weeks, months, and years† (Bidermann 266). Repeatedly throughout the 3 readings, there is mention of men, whether they in the heat of battle or â€Å"relaxing† with company, being drunk. It’s no surprise as alcohol has been a means by which men have coped with their problems for thousands of years. If the problems won’t go away, the solution for some has been to drink until those problems do not register as problems anymore. As such, Holmes noted â€Å"headaches were almost universal in a theatre of war where wine and brandy were readily available† (Addison 212). Grossman ctually talks about how his battalion commander Kozlov, in the midst of battle, â€Å"withstood an attack of tanks. He was on great form and completely drunk. The tanks were thrown back in a dashing fashion† (Grossman 103). As religion has functioned as a form of comfort since the inception of civilization and the birth of religion, it was only natural for men living in depravity to come to it to relieve them of some of their burden. Subsequently, the men of the clergy were often instrumental to moral and aid. Furthermore, due to the looming possibility of death in war, the mortality of some became that much more apparent. In Bidermann’s account, he talks of a divisional chaplain named Satzger who had several times risked his life to recover wounded men. Resulting from men of the cloth like Satzger and with death looming, â€Å"many of the soldiers who had not been so inclined began to attend religious services †¦ For far too many [the chaplain] would offer the last voice of reassurance and the last vestige of comfort before they, too, succumbed to mortal wounds† (Bidermann 25). Another Catholic priest was dubbed â€Å"the rucksack priest† as he carried a field pack from which he provided troops on the front lines with simple food items that had in war become luxuries. While it may have been a spiritual solace that many received at the hands of these men of God, others attended for the sake of having a comforting and helping hand. It’s been told that leaders are supposed to lead by example. Caught in chaotic times, superior officers often functioned as beacons to rally around. In times past, great leaders such as George Washington, Alexander the Great, and Genghis Khan immersed themselves in battles, showing that the best commanders do not directing them from the rear, but rather leading them in the front. A commanding officer by the name of â€Å"Captain Kendall, turned a shaky company into a passably good one by public displays of sheer guts. ‘Look at me,’ he said quietly, walking from man to man under fire. ‘They can’t hit me. Look at me’† (Addison 210). Examples like this provided moral boosts to dreary men who needed something positive to cling to. Conversely, rather than inspiring by a guiding light of bravery and courage, the Soviets were incentivized onwards by the ever-present detachments behind the troops that would shoot deserters. Grossman describes this in further detail: â€Å"Stalin’s Order No. 27 – ‘Not One Step Back’ – included the instruction to each army command to organise ‘three to five well-armed [blocking] detachments (up to two hundred men each)’ to form a second line to ‘combat cowardices’ by shooti ng down any soldier who tried to run away† (Grossman 141). As many Soviet soldiers understood the likelihood of their death in squaring off against the Nazis, the desire to flee was understandable. Stalin believed that the presence of the troops would force the Soviet troops to fight even harder. Pushed forwards, the stark realization of soldiers was expressed by Grossman: â€Å"Once you are here, there is no way out. Either you will lose your head or your legs†¦ Everyone knows that those who turn and run would be shot on the spot. This was more terrifying than the Germans† (Grossman 146). Under the constant strain of needing to ration supplies and consistently cut off from supply lines, soldiers had to make do with their limited resources. Given the treacherous nature of the constant advancement and lack of luxuries, whenever there was time to enjoy the comfort brought by certain goods that had faded away from recent recollection to distant memories, the time was relished and the goods provided relief to the men. In fact, Bidermann specifically noted several instances where his regiment and he would partake in â€Å"luxuries† that were not available to them by enjoying the spoils of war. â€Å"Two August was marked by a break in the monotonous field rations, when we boiled freshly dug potatoes in an unnamed Ukrainian village. Obserschutze Fehr had already plucked a chicken, and together with the boiled hen and potatoes we ate peeled cucumbers† (Bidermann 24). In another instance, his crew discovered a still-intact collective farm and was able to enjoy hot coffee, schmalzbrot, and sleep in small thatched-roof huts. Though seemingly commonplace to us, moments such as these provided brief relief and respite from the horrors of daily life across the theatres, and allowed soldiers to momentarily reflect on how life used to be. Constantly under an onslaught of forces that, if mishandled, could cause a man to lose his mind, soldiers used some, if not all, of the aforementioned forms to provide relief or inspiration in persevering in their struggle. Under pressure, these men had to find whatever means by which to motivate themselves to return safely home, and more so than that, return home as much themselves as before.

Dragons Legacy :: essays research papers

Foreword In the days of the Ancients there was a race like no other, for they were blessed with a unique gift of being able to speak and understand Dragon Tongue. Rumors spread about these magical folk, penetrating right into the heart of the Evil Lord’s great fortress in the Dark Lands. Evil Lord Malus Dominus heard of this race, and he became worried. All knew that dragons were a superior race that could be only be defeated by immortals. They were the strongest creatures alive. If these folk were to forge an alliance with the dragons he would surely perish. Before dawn the next day, he had summoned his undead warriors. They had destroyed the race before daybreak †¦ well that’s what they thought. A few hours later some traders passed by the spot where the village had been and they heard a noise. When they went to investigate they found a child wrapped in a silk sheet just barely alive. So they took the child and raised it as one of there own never knowing its secret. Chapter 1 – The Truth Realized The merchant’s son Dazhrej was the finest archer in the Princedom of Vellant’im. His father Rovnir went to the inn every night and gloated. The bandit had slain the guards surrounding the treasury and made off with the loot. If Dazhrej had not had to fetch some more silk for his father he would not have seen the bandit making off with the Prince’s treasure covered in the blood of the Prince’s royal guards. Dazhrej yelled for the man to stop. The bandit obliged, turned around and went for his barbed throwing knife. Before he had a chance to throw it he had an arrow in his arm pinning it to a tree. Before the fellow had a chance to take in the damage he had another arrow right between his eyes. The Prince thanked Dazhrej for recovering his treasure and rewarded Dazhrej by offering to foster him until knighthood. Dazhrej gladly accepted†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Three years later Dazhrej now excelled in swordplay, knife fighting and magic. â€Å"Dazhrej, have the horses been readied?† asked Prince Ronan. â€Å"Yes, your highness,† Dazhrej replied. â€Å"We leave at sunrise,† the Prince said. â€Å"Ah, Prince Ronan, where are we going?† Dazhrej asked with curiosity. â€Å"The Grand Congregation of course,† replied Prince Ronan. â€Å"Every Prince is going to be there. It’s where we draw up the trade laws, permits and settle disputes between the Princedoms.† â€Å"Oh. Why did you not go last year or the year before?

“Broken Lives” By Estelle Blackburn Essay

The chapter â€Å"Another Gun, Another Unlocked Door† is a chapter from Estelle Blackburn’s expository text Broken Lives. This chapter focuses on one night of Eric Edgar Cooke’s murderous sprees where he steals a rifle and shoots a baby sitter, once again leaving the city of Perth in the hands of fear and danger. The purpose of this chapter is to fight for Cooke’s guilt. It shows that he had no fear of being caught and was a devious man when it came to him stealing, killing and the plans he came up with. Through particular aspects of its construction including point of view, structure, language, personality presentation and tone, our response to the ideas conveyed are able to be shaped and moulded to the ideas that are presented The point of view in â€Å"Another Gun, Another Unlocked Door† is from a third person omniscient view, looking in on the world surround Cooke. However the point of view is no ordinary third person point of view, it is in fact shifting, jumping from one character to the next so that we can get into the minds of all the characters and the emotions they are experiencing at the time of the ‘gunman’s rampage.† The point of view is shifting as to present the views of the many characters we come into contact with throughout the chapter. All people views on Cooke come to fruition and to our realisation. The fear that Cooke spread throughout Perth is exposed and our response to him and our feelings moulded. He shoots an innocent girl studying, through the point of view we can look in on his emotions and thoughts and the evil side of him. â€Å"†¦ He had a rifle and was in a killing mood †¦Ã¢â‚¬  This suggests that Cooke had been in this mood before when he has killed people previously and asks us the question, what sort of man is he if he gets in a killing mood. If Broken Lives was written from a first person point of view, we would not see the same emotions and feeling that we do from a third person omniscient view. The language goes hand in hand with the point of view. The sort of language that is used in â€Å"Another Gun, Another Unlocked Door† is one to convince people of Cooke’s guilt when it comes to these murders and shows how much of  a crazed killer he really was. It also proves how he enjoyed the fear of being caught and the fear that someone could see him. â€Å"†¦ He could see a short woman sitting in the lounge. He loved the risk†¦Ã¢â‚¬  What is this saying about Cooke? That he is a quiet, well-mannered, law abiding citicen? Or that he is a crazed madman that enjoyed the risks of robbing people and killing them without any remorse. The language even describes the look on Cooke’s face or the way in which his heart was beating. Even though some of this is fictionalized, it has been incorporated to shape our response towards Cooke so that we feel the same way in which Blackburn does about him. â€Å"Another Gun, Another Unlocked Door† is structured in such a way so that many points of view and characters are presented. The chapter jumps from one character to another, which results in many feelings and attitudes being presented. Through the numerous amounts of characters being presented we are able to see that it was not only a handful of residents of Perth that feared for their lives, but it was all people, ranging from the better off people to those that weren’t as well off. Through the way she has structured â€Å"Another Gun, Another Unlocked Door† Blackburn has successfully conveyed many ideas into one small section. By structuring the chapter in this way, Blackburn can also select the details that she wants to include, those that will support her view, and exclude other, those that will contradict her view. By selecting certain details from certain characters, Blackburn’s point can be made stronger without her need to fictionalise or fabricate some of the ‘facts’ that she is presenting to the reader. The way in which the characters are presented in â€Å"Another Gun, Another Unlocked Door† shapes our response and how we react when Cooke take the lives of people. When we are first introduced to Shirley Martha McLeod we are told of how she is a hard working science student at St Catherine’s College. She is presented in such a way that sets visual pictures in our  head of just what McLeod would have been like. â€Å"†¦ She had a satchel of books with her and told Dowd how she planned to work very hard for The rest of the university year†¦Ã¢â‚¬  This sets up an image of a young girl who concentrates on her school work and is well mannered and polite. â€Å"†¦ Dowd felt comfortable leaving baby Mitchell  in her care†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The way in which McLeod is presented sets up the fact that Cooke stole the lives of innocent, caring people that he did not know and had everything going for them. This proves that it was a case of wrong place, wrong time. By giving us this information, Blackburn can shape our response by playing on this. Blackburn can emphasise how much of a caring young lady McLeod was and ask us to question how Cooke could take the life of a person so innocent. Then there is also the way in which Blackburn portrays Cook’s personality. She describes him as a monster that was only out to kill and nothing else. â€Å"†¦ The feeling of power began to come over him as  ran his fingers along the barrel†¦Ã¢â‚¬  This is describing the feeling that Cooke got when he found the .22 rifle that would eventually lead to his demise. Through describing Cooke like this, Blackburn is reinforcing her previous opinion of Cooke’s personality. By doing this we are once again being shaped into responding in a particular manner. Does Blackburn know how Cooke felt or has she once again fictionalised sections to fight for the innocence of John Button? By putting a serious mood and tone to â€Å"Another Gun, Another Unlocked Door† Blackburn is setting up the fact that this was all real and it was not something she made up. Some sections of Broken Lives have a good-natured feel about them, especially when they are speaking of John Button. An example of this is â€Å"Life’s a Ball† where the tone is less serious as Blackburn is describing John Button and how he was a fine upstanding member of society. However by using a more serious mood and tone when speaking of Cooke, Blackburn is shaping our response to the ideas she presents. If â€Å"Another Gun, Another Unlocked Door† was presented in a lighter mood such as â€Å"Life’s a Ball† the chapter would not be as effective in proving Cooke’s guilt. Seeing as the purpose of Broken Lives is to assure us that Cooke was guilty and Button innocent, Blackburn would not go and put a humorous tone on something as serious as a young girl being murdered, especially when it was Cooke that murdered her, the one she is trying to prove guilty. â€Å"Another Gun, Another Unlocked Door† succeeds in it’s purpose of assuring us of Cooke’s guilt. Blackburn does this be presenting particular characters in particular aspects. Or including certain information that supports her argument or even just through the language she chooses. This chapter argues for Button’s guilt and just proves what type of a man Cooke really was. These particular aspects of narrative construction all shape the way in which we respond to the ideas the Blackburn is presenting.

Africa Hunger Essay

Today, i am happy to come here and tell you sth about Africa Hunger. First, i have a small question for you :† have you ever had nothing in your stomach for three days? Maybe none of you here have suffer it but in sub-saharan Africa, there are a lot of people died everyday due to starvation. In this presentation, i will tell you five things you may not know about hunger in Africa. Hunger in Africa has become a huge issue over the years. There are billions of adults and children starving. The first of five factors you may not know about Africa Hunger is Climate changes and bad weather significantly affect hunger in Africa. It push more and more people into hunger. According to Climate changes and Hunger, FAO, 2009; By 2050, climate change and bad weather will have pushed another 24 millions children into hunger. Almost half of these children will live in sub-saharan Africa. Why FAO can point out this conculsion, they have analized value of the number of hungry people from 2001-2009. this climate changes factor has create the following factor. Factor number 2 is rising food prices contributes to hunger in Africa. It is affected by climate changes and economic issue. However this problem can be solved since there are a lot of foundations for victims of starvation. However Factor number 3 showing that 2 factor above has crushed this part of the world is Africa accounts for 1 quater of the hungry population. From this chart you can see that there are 102 billion people in hunger all around the world and about 642 millions in Asia – Pacific. Sub- saharan Africa hvae reach 265 millions which mean 1 quarter of the world’s hungry population. The following factor will show us how terrible hunger is? Factor number 4: Hunger kills more people than AIDS in Africa. FAO has shown that 14,6 million African died because of AIDS but it is up to 42 million hungry deaths in the near East and North Africa. Factor number 5 relating to money have point out that it only take $0,25 to feed a child in Africa. You can provide a child with all of the vitamins and nutrients, he or she need to grow up healthy with only 5200 VN Ä  per day. Food is a humand right but there are more hungry people now than at any time in history. We can fix it. By this preresentation, i just want to send you a message â€Å" plz, don’t waste your food even a piece of bread†.

Structures Of Resisitance Essays - Land Management, Feudalism

Structures Of Resisitance Essays - Land Management, Feudalism Structures Of Resisitance The nature of interaction between traditional agrarian society and the modern world has remained a controversial debate amongst anthropologists, sociologists and political theorists. It remains contentious as to whether the dominance of modern values over traditional is desirable; whether the arrival of the market and modern commerce betters or worsens the conditions of rural society and its relationship with the metropol; whether such change is received with apprehension or optimism by the members of rural society. Joel Migdal, for example, puts forth certain arguments proposing the concept of culture contactthat exposure and contact are the causes of change. Migdal identifies three reasons suggesting why such change would be likely to occur: (1) The benefits of the modern far outweigh the benefits of the traditional. (2) The individual is free from severe institutional restraints which would prevent him from making an unimpeded decision. (3) Those individuals who select the new are rational and are optimisers, and those individuals who do not accept the modern fail to do so because of wrong or nonrational values. Most theorists, however, tend to agree that modern society, for good or bad, is clearly encroaching on traditional agrarian society and gradually moulding its values, economic systems and sociopolitical institutions into variants of the modern equivalent. However, this consensus fails to account for one extremely significant fact: that despite the overwhelming economic, political and cultural dominance of the modern world, traditional agrarian structures continue to persist in various forms: the feudal estates of Third World countries, plantations and latifundismos in Southern Italy and much of Latin America, and so on. The questions thus arise: why do such traditional social relations persist in spite of the modern impulse? Why do customs and rituals and social codes play such an important part in determining rural society? Why do inefficient labour-intensive technology and archaic labour organisation systems continue to determine the process of economic production? And why do state attempts at modernising rural production continually face defeat and fail to effect conclusive change? This paper attempts to answer these and other questions through an analysis of two similar anachronistic structures that exist in the contemporary world: the Italian latifondo and the Latin American latifundismo. Both structures are organised in a very similar manner, and an analysis of both presents a holistic picture of their social and economic organisation. The paper begins by describing the administrative structure of the latifondo, and then goes on to suggest that the socioeconomic peculiarities of the enterprise may be at least partially explained by the rational voluntarist behaviour of the landlord, who allows old structures to persist in light of their cultural peculiarity. In The Mafia of a Sicilian Village, Anton Blok describes the Sicilian latifondo as being in its main features involutionary. Blok invokes this term while alluding to a complex process in which certain structures undergo internalisation and fixity, as suggested by Clifford Geertz in Agricultural Involution. Involution, according to Geertz, refers to the overdriving of an established form in such a way that it becomes rigid through an inward elaboration of detail. Bloks study of the latifondo leads him to conclude that this agrarian enterprise underwent such a process at both the social and the economic level. Before further exploring this process, however, it is necessary to first understand the power structure and organisation of the Sicilian latifondo. According to Blok, the latifondo was typically leased out to a gabelloto, who in turn hired a number of permanent employees to manage the enterprise. These administrators generally comprised an overseer (soprastante) and a number of field guards (campieri). The overseer was the gabellotos man of confidence he dealt with the peasants set to work on the estates and took care of the general protection of the enterprise. The campieri assisted the overseer in his work, and constituted a kind of private police force which, in the absence of an efficient formal control apparatus, claimed to maintain law and order in the countryside. This hierarchical structure is replicated in Latin American latifundios, as described by Ernest Feder in Latifundios and Agricultural Labour. Feder further describes the Latin American latifundismo as being characterised by absentee landlordism. He asserts that for the rural worker almost every estate

To Go Haywire

To Go Haywire To Go Haywire To Go Haywire By Maeve Maddox A reader asks, What does the expression â€Å"to go haywire† mean? Applied to a system or contraption of any kind, â€Å"to go haywire† means â€Å"to go wrong.† Applied to a person, â€Å"to go haywire† means â€Å"to become mentally distracted.† Here are some examples of idiomatic usage: My new companys server went haywire right after I moved everything. After a couple of years of sewing on  my new Singer, something went haywire. [They got along] except for that time when  she went haywire  and tried to kill  him. I loved Harlan and treated him right, but somewhere  he went haywire. Haywire, also called â€Å"baling wire,† is thin wire used to bind bales of hay or straw. At least it used to be. The last bale of hay I bought from Lowe’s was bound with plastic strips. However, I once bought some chicken wire that was held together with short lengths of thin wire. When I managed to untwist the bits of wire holding the roll together, it sprang apart, jabbing me with a hundred pointy ends. The experience was similar to that described by H. L. Mencken in regard to haywire: No one who has ever opened a bale of hay with a hatchet and had the leaping wire whirl about him and its sharp ends poniard him, will ever have any doubt how â€Å"to go haywire† originated.- The American Language, Supplement 1 (1946). According to a writer at WorldwideWords, haywire was â€Å"the duct tape of its era.† It was used to repair hinges, mend fence holes, and replace lost or worn-out machine connections. Haywire was used in contexts other than farming. A footnote in a history of the Bohemian Lumber Company (1985) explains that â€Å"some loggers and millmen would sometimes wire their machinery in place with baling wire to keep it running, sans parts.† In the 1900s, the expression â€Å"hay-wire operation† referred to a shoddy, poorly equipped logging business. A line called a haywire plays an important (and dangerous) part in retrieving felled logs. In 2012 an inexperienced logger in Washington State was killed by a haywire during cable logging operations in Lewis County. A glossary of hobo terms defines â€Å"a haywire outfit† as â€Å"something that is all tied and patched together,† a term similar to â€Å"jerry-rigged.† The most common uses of â€Å"to go haywire† are those that refer to something that has stopped working properly or to someone who has become emotionally distraught. Related post: Jury-rigged vs Jerry-rigged Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Probable vs. Possible

Advanced Anesthetic Practice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Advanced Anesthetic Practice - Essay Example l of this reflection is to re-evaluate these two clinical experiences as an anaesthetic nurse and to establish that better knowledge and skills have been gained by this nurse from these experiences. The 9-year old girl, Cora (not her real name), was admitted due to pain in her lower abdomen, which started three hours prior to admission, with the pain radiating to her lower right abdomen by the time she was admitted. She also had a high-grade fever at 39.50C (103.10F) and vomited as soon as they arrived in the emergency room. Prior to the manifestation of her initial symptoms, she was running the tracks at a nearby park with her friends. In the emergency room, the attending ER internist physically assessed and examined Cora and determined that she had appendicitis and immediately recommended her for surgery. Her pain symptoms were escalating and were progressively becoming unbearable. Pain escalation, in this case, is attributed to peritoneal irritation (Craig 2014). Based on the above gathered data on the patient, I planned my next actions and decisions accordingly. I prepared the essential equipment appropriate for physiology of the child, specifically a T-piece Mapleson E valveless breathing system (Ramamani, Mohanty, and Suman Gupta 2008). This is a breathing system which supports spontaneous as well as controlled breathing. This system is attached to a 0.5 litre double-ended bag, providing the least resistance during expiration (Ramamani, Mohanty, and Suman Gupta 2008). I opted for an adjustable pressure limiting (APL) valve including a closed-ended bag or the Ayre’s T-piece to manage scavenging (Gregory and Andropoulos 2012). A paediatric circle breathing system was also set (Gregory and Andropoulos 2012). Dead space refers to the amount of alveolar gas breathed in, and the volume of such space is decreased through an infant paediatric mask used with an appropriate filter and port (Goonasekera, Goodwin, and Wang 2014. Goonasekera and colleagues (2014),

Buyer Behaviour Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Buyer Behaviour - Case Study Example The youth today is not lured by goods that are merely expensive. They want value for money and they purchase luxury goods for self-identity and well-being. Purchasing certain branded luxury goods help them to display their own tastes and values. For some it serves to fulfill the emotional needs where they see luxury as an indulgence of their senses. Luxury goods are premium goods with high quality products, aesthetic design supported by excellent service, purchased by people from the higher income bracket (Cheng, 2006). In the earlier days the term ‘luxury’ was applied to products that were rare and scarce and available to a small segment of the people. The luxury items were out of reach of the ordinary people and considered rare. Today the luxury product market has increased manifold. The young are spontaneously aware of the luxury brands with the men focusing on cars and motorbikes and women’s focus on beauty and food. These reflect the desires and fantasies tha t are conditioned by the social environment and associations with well-being.Interpretation of the word ‘luxury’ depends upon their socio-economic background. The youth greatly represent the hedonistic effect in their attitude towards luxury items. This implies that they are not influenced by group norms. On the other hand they purchase luxury goods that give them self-fulfillment. They look for exclusive benefits and if products create an emotional value for consumers it represents that the product has been beneficial. The emotional value that the youth look for include pleasure, excitement and aesthetic beauty. They indulge in luxury items as it gives them a sense of well-being and self-respect and would also go the extent of using their credit cards for them. They prefer these luxuries against bringing up a child while the elders indulged in luxury only after their basic responsibilities were fulfilled (Hamilton, 2004). The elders seek more than value when considerin g purchasing a luxury brand. They try to balance the product’s tangible and intangible value with price. They assess discretionary purchases as either dispensable or indispensable, based on more deeply held core values (Salzman, 2009). While the youth focus on increasing their influence, power and wealth, the elders seek new priorities driven the fundamentals of human development. The traditional materialistic values are less important for the elders. The elders look for self-actualization in the luxury brand which as per Maslow’s hierarchy of needs comes only after all the other needs have been satisfied. Culture has a strong impact on the purchasing decisions. The youth are well aware of the luxury brands in areas like perfumes, clothing, fashion, leather goods, accessories, costume jewelry but not so in tableware. However they are very conscious of the modern sports cars and other different models of cars that emerge everyday. The attitude of the youth towards cars has definitely undergone a sea change from the 1980s. Marketing communications used by car

Givaudan Flavors, its Major Problems and Possible Soltions Case Study

Givaudan Flavors, its Major Problems and Possible Soltions - Case Study Example - Solution B. In the scheduled meeting, both Tastyco and Givaudan should emphasize aligning their goals and objectives to ensure that adequate benefits are earned by both these ends. Rather than pressuring Givaudan to reduce costs to be categorized as a Strategic Supply Partner, the meeting should focus on comparing and analyzing the benefits as well as drawbacks that they will have to face being in agreement and even if not being in agreement. - Advantages A. Solution A, as suggested in the above section, is quite likely to result in higher demand for Tastyco, which will, in turn, result in an increase in its profit margin. By ordering larger volumes from Givaudan, Tastyco will have to implement push-selling strategies in order to build better customer loyalty and thereby augment selling capacity. This, in turn, will also motivate Givaudan to decrease its price per unit, offering cost benefits to Tastyco and on the other hand, avoiding any decrease in its profit margin. -Disadvantages A. In the long run, this solution may impose a direct negative effect to the break-even points of Givaudan, as any decrease in the quantity demanded will result into lowered profit margin and hence, may force the two partners to emerge. Hence, the solution may not be viable in the long-term. Advantages B. Conducting a meeting between the two parties can result in a mutual agreement, which can be beneficial to both the companies. Being able to relate their aims and objectives, Tastyco and Givaudan can further result into a common objective satisfying their individual value targets. Disadvantages B. In order to solve the pricing problem, negotiation between Givaudan and Tastyco is a necessity. However, if Givaudan is pressured to change its pricing strategies, there are high chances that it might seek for partnership with larger competitors of Tastyco, raising differentiation concerns. In addition, departing their ways may reduce market shares held by both the companies as well as result in Tastyco losing the value-added advantages that it used to retain from Givaudan.

Prices of Petrol and Diesel in Malaysia

Prices of Petrol and Diesel in Malaysia 1.0 Introduction Microeconomics is a branch of economic analysis that are deals with human behavior and the choices of the small units in economics. It is firms in undertakes to understand the decision-making process of firms and households. It is also concerned with the interaction between sellers and individual buyers and all the factors that had influence the choices that are made by buyers and sellers. In particular, microeconomics had focuses on the patterns of supply and demand and also the output in individual markets and the determination of price. There are two different distinct areas in the field of economic will be study that is microeconomics and macroeconomics. Microeconomics studies on how the pricing of element services such as profits, interest, wages and rents are all determined in the market. It is also on how scanty resources are distribute for the production of several products. People who have any wish to start their own business or who want to learn the rationale behind the pricing of the particular services and products. On the other hand, macroeconomics analyzes the accumulate behavior of the whole economy. It studies not just only individual economic units but all the arrangement which are deals with accumulates such as trade cycle, inflation, national income, deflation, public finance and others. Demand and supply including all those important concepts and it is a principle of economic of pricing. Demand and supple concept are using to determining all the prices of goods. Demand is the willingness and ability to buy specific quantities of goods in a given period of time at a particular price. The law of demand states that the higher the price of a good, the lower the quantity demands for that good and vice versa. It also states that there is a reverse relationship between quantity demanded and price. A demand schedule for the graphs had also represents a functional relationship between quantity demanded and price. Supply is clarifies as the willingness and the ability to produce or sell particular services and goods in a given period of time at a particular price. (DevigaVengedasalam, KarunagaramMadhavan and RohanaKamaruddin, 2008) The difference between demand and supply is the word of sell and buy. The law of supply states that the higher price of a good is the quantity supplied for that good and vice versa. The supply schedule for the graphs had also represents a functional relationship between the quantities supplied and price when the other determinants are assumed that all constant. Elasticity is an important concept that can be measured by all the students that are majoring in economics. There are four types of elasticity that is income elasticity (YED), cross price elasticity (XED), price elasticity of supply (PED) and price elasticity of demand (PED). It is a measurement of the proportion of responsiveness of any variable to the change in one of the factors of determinants. 2.0 Demand and Supply On October 2, 2014 petrol and diesel price are increased by 20 cent per litre by Malaysia Government as in line with the federal government’s subsidy rationalization policy. The new retail price of RON95 will be RM2.30 and diesel will be RM2.20 per litre. This change had affected the demand and supply for all the Malaysian consumers. For petrol, the determinants of supply for this case that had happen is the government policies. The supply of goods is also influence by the carry out of various government policies such as subsidies and taxes. If the government charges the sales tax on goods, this will result in the higher cost of production and this will also decrease the supply of goods. Then, the proviso of the subsidies will encourage all the sellers to supply more as the subsidy will reduce the cost. For an example, if the government gives subsidies for goods, the supply of goods will increase. Under these circumstances, the supply of petrol will decrease. â€Å"Although fuel prices have increased for March, prices at farmers’ markets will be still be lower as compared to other markets,† (Ismail, 2015). The government reduces the subsidy rate of petrol. (Themalaymailonline, 2014).From this, it can be seen that the future price of petrol will decrease in demand and supply. For additional, income is the determinant of demand. It can be using to influence the consumers making a decision to buy products or goods or services are the income of consumers. The evident for this determinant is the level of income in country under analysis or appropriate region. The goods that are known as normal good are books, cars, shirts and house. In additional, inferior goods are those salted fish, low-grade potatoes and low-grade rice. The higher income of a consumer getting, the higher quantity of the product they will buy. In fact, when the price of petrol had increase, the demand for petrol is decreasing as the price of related goods is cheaper such as bicycle. This is because consumer having the choice of making a decision to make a desire for things. The demand for petrol in Malaysia is decreasing as the income for every consumers in Malaysia is decreasing or even remain constant. For a better know, the labor market in Malaysia also can be concerned. A worker’ s day can be divided into hours of leisure and hours of work. Besides of that, workers are also be assumed that they have the flexibility to choose their hours for working and leisure. After the year 2013, the minimum wage for Malaysian is not increasing. (MOHR- Minimum Wages, 2013). The minimum wage in Peninsular Malaysia is RM 900 for monthly and RM433 for hourly. Besides, the minimum wage in Sabah, Sarawak and Labuan is RM 800 for monthly and RM3.85 for hourly. (MOHR- Minimum Wages, 2013). As the demand of petrol is decreasing, the number of public transport in Malaysia is increasing. This will happen because all the Malaysian only willing to use on those transport that will not using up the need of petrol. For diesel, government policies is the determinant of supply that is same with the determinant supply for petrol. The supply of goods is also influenced by the implementation of several government policies such as subsidies and taxes. If the government imposes sales tax on goods, this will result in the increase of cost and this will decrease the supply of goods. Then, the proviso of subsidies will encourage all the sellers to supply more as the subsidy will reduce the cost. For example, if the government provides subsidies for goods, the supply of goods will increase. Under these circumstances, the supply of diesel will decrease. Through all of these, it can be seen that the future price of diesel in demand and supply is decrease. In additional, income is the determinant of demand for diesel. The evident is the level of income country under analysis or in an appropriate region. As all the Malaysian knows that diesel is more expensive than the petrol. In this case, the consumers also have more choice to choose or make a decision in individual. Same as the determinant of demand for petrol, the increase of the income of consumer, the quantity of demand also will increase. The demand of diesel in Malaysia is decrease as the price of diesel had already in a higher price than petrol so that the consumer will be lesser and lesser. And this may lead to the firms because in originally diesel already less people use because of the high price. After the year 2013, the minimum wage for Malaysian is not increasing. (MOHR- Minimum Wages, 2013). The minimum wage in Peninsular Malaysia is RM 900 for monthly and RM433 for hourly. Besides, the minimum wage in Sabah, Sarawak and Labuan is RM 800 for monthly and RM3.85 for hourly . (MOHR- Minimum Wages, 2013). This also may increasing the number public transport in Malaysia. 2.1 Graph Demand and Supply of Petrol 2.2 Graph Demand and Supply of Diesel 2.3 Types of Elasticity Price Elasticity of Demand (PED) A measurement of how much the quantity demanded of a good responds to a change in price of that good. It shows the relationship between the price and quantity demand and also had provides an accurate to calculate the effect of a change in price on quantity demand. Then, the price elasticity of demand is calculated as the percentage change in quantity demand divide by the percentage change in price. This equation can use to do the calculation that is about the effect of price changes on quantity demand and on the income that received by the company before and after any price change. After that, the value of price elasticity can classify in five types, such as elastic, inelastic, unit elastic, perfectly inelastic and perfect elastic. The level of response of quantity demand to a change in price can be varying considerably. The quantity demanded changes proportionately more than the price, the value of price elasticity of demand is greater than 1 that is elastic. The percentage that changes in quantity of good is greater that the percent change of that goods price such as petrol. When the quantity demand of PED is less than 1, is call inelastic and the quantity demand is move proportionately less that the price of good. Next, when the value is equal to 1 is called as unit elastic, and the quantity of demand is moving about the same amount as the price of good such as insurance package. When the quantity demand of PED is equal to 0 it is a perfectly inelastic, the price of good and the quantity demand is remain same such as coffin. In addition, when the quantity demand of PED is equal to infinity it is perfectly elastic that means has a small change in the price that had lead to huge change in the quantity demand s uch as housing. Cross Price Elasticity of Demand (XED) Cross price elasticity of demand is show the relationship between two services or goods. Cross price elasticity of demand can defined as a measurement responsiveness of the quantity demand of one good to change in the price of another good. In additional, the cross price elasticity of demand can calculate as the percentage change in quality of good1divided by the percentage change in price of good2. Then, cross price elasticity of demand may be negative or positive value, depend on whether the goods are substitutes or complements. While, if the good A is substitute for good B, when the price of good A increase, thus the coefficient value is positive. For example, if the price of coffee increases, the consumer may purchase more tea and less coffee. In opposite, when the price of another good is decrease, the demand of substitute goods will fall. In contrast, if the good C is a complimentary good for good D, demand for good C decline when the price of good D increases. For example, when the quantity demand of car is increase, the quantity demand of fuel also will increase. If the price of complement falls, the quantity of demand of other good rise. So, the complement goods in cross price elasticity of demand will be negative. In summary, when the degree of elasticity for good XY is negative, the types of goods is complimentary; when the degree of elasticity for good XY is positive, the types of goods is substitute goods; when the degree of elasticity for good XY is equal to zero, , the types of goods is no relat ed goods. Income Elasticity of Demand (YED) Income elasticity of demand can defined as a measure the responsiveness of quantity demand for good to change in the consumer income. The income elasticity of demand can be calculates in the equation of the percentage change in quantity demand divide by the percentage change in income. Income elasticity can used to predict the potential of market. The one of the determinants of consumer demand is income. Income elasticity has shown the changes in income are leading to the change in demand. YED also can use to classify the goods such as luxury goods, inferior goods, necessity goods or normal goods. When a high value of income elasticity for one good, the producer of good can predict to increase in sales or decrease when the elasticity coefficient fall. When the income elasticity coefficient is more than 0, its’ degree of elasticity is elastic and had reveals that it is a luxury good. Luxury goods are the product that are highly desire and associate with wealthy people who bought for some reasons such as to support their status. For example, Gucci, Dior, and LV. When the income elasticity is less than 0, it shows it is an inferior good. Its’ degree of elasticity is negative elastic. The demand for the inferior good is go down as the income is increase such as bus. This is because when the income of people decrease, they just can afford to take a ride but not buying a car. The decline of bus is when the income of people increase. When the income elasticity is greater than 0 and less than 1, it is a normal good and that is the one where demand is directly proportional to the income. Normal goods are the items that income and demand will increase at the same time such as Nike shoes and Polo T-shirts. For example, Polo T-shirts having a normal price so that people are going to make more income to buy it. When the income elasticity is equal to 0, it is a necessity good, this is because the change of income did not affect the good. Necessity goods are the goods or service that are consider to be live in living, such as water, food, and medical care. However, if the price of necessity goods is increasing, people are still buying them because it is necessary for them. Price Elasticity of Supply (PES) Price elasticity of supply is a measurement of the responsiveness in the quantity supplied to a change in price of that good. PES can be calculated in the equation of percentage change in quantity supplied divide by the percentage change in price. There are several factors that can affect the elasticity of supply that is the flexibility of seller to produce, perishability, technology improvement, availability and mobility of factors of production and time period. PES is necessary for all the company to know about how quickly and effectively to it that can respond to change all the market condition, especially to the change of price. The price elasticity of supply can be divided into five types of supply curve. When the price of elasticity is greater than 1 it is elastic and that means the quantity supply is moving proportionately more than the price. When the PES is less than 1it is inelastic which means the quantity supply is moving proportionately less than the price. When the PES is equal to 1 it is unit elastic, which means the quantity supply is moving at the same amount as price. When the PES is equal to 0 it is perfectly inelastic which means that regardless of the price and the quantity supply remain the same. When the PES is equal to infinity it is perfectly elastic and it means that a huge change in the quantity demand that is led by a small change in the price. Graph of Price Elasticity of Demand Graph Price Elasticity of Supply 3.0 Conclusion In the future, the price of the petrol and diesel will decrease. Next is the type of the elasticity can help all the people to classify the goods in the market such as necessity goods, luxury goods, normal goods, inferior goods, substitute goods and complimentary goods. And also this concept is important and applicable. After that, the value of PED and PES can be classify as six elasticity, such as perfectly elastic, inelastic, unit elastic, elastic and perfectly elastic. The concept of demand and supply is important because it is the basis of economic of pricing. For the elasticity concept, it is also very important for the business man so that they can change the market or condition for their business. However, if the future price of petrol and diesel is increasing the government should increase the income of consumer, decrease the tax or provide the subsidiaries on the petrol and diesel. So that the consumer can make a better decision for individual.

Community Service Essay :: Community Service Essays

People’s lives are changed every day by their actions and experiences. This past summer, I participated in a community service project, an experience that opened my eyes in many ways. I was a volunteer at the County Memorial Hospital. In my time as a volunteer at the hospital, I was able to meet patients and staff members from all over the world and learn about their life experiences. Listening to all of their stories has made me truly appreciate everything which I have. One experience that I will always remember is the day I was running errands and had the opportunity to meet a very special patient. She was a sweet woman who was originally from Mexico. We were having a friendly conversation when she asked me about why I chose to do community service at the hospital. I explained to her that I planned on majoring in the medical field one day and I was working on obtaining community service hours. We got to talking about the education systems in our countries. In our conversation I learned that only selected people were given the opportunity to receive an education in her native country of Mexico. She told me about the poor education system and the extreme poverty which debilitates Mexico. As a United States citizen, I am provided with a variety of options for education. People in Mexico must fight to obtain access to any education. This made me realize how truly fortunate I am. At the beginning of this volunteer experience, I walked in hopeful that I would gain some knowledge about the different careers that the medical field possesses, but I got so much more than that. I learned that community service is about making an impact in the lives of other members who share my community. At the end of volunteer services I have decided on a major, I am now striving to become a physician’s assistant. In this position, not only do I get to care for patients, but I am presented with the opportunity to change their lives. I will be able to see firsthand the diversity of cultures from around the world.

Developing effective communication in health and social care Essay

In this essay I will be explaining how I use good communication and interpersonal interactions with the residents I will meet on my work experience at a residential home for older people. I will be explaining the skills and strategies I will use to make communication making sure it is effective. My essay will talk about different types of communication for example one to one, with different types of people, including professionals and service users. I will use communication with a variety of people and consider the most appropriate form of communication to be applied making sure the needs of all individuals are met. I will also explain and discuss Argyle’s communication cycle and Tuchman’s group process theory and apply these to my essay in relation to effective communication. My essay will also include an assessment of the skills and strategies used in communication and how they relate to the different theories. Communication is when you swap over information by speaking, writing, or using other methods making sure the communication is received and understood. Interpersonal interaction or communication is the process of sending and receiving information between people, using a two way process of communication. Read more:  Reasons why we communicate  essay The ways individuals communicate with others depend on the situation or the context you are in. There are many types of communication; there is spoken communication like one to one and oral communication with groups of people which is also known as interpersonal interaction. However communicating isn’t always spoken, many people communicate by unspoken communication using facial expressions or sign language. Email, texting and writing are also forms of communication. The formality of our communication can change depending on the context of it. For instance, if you are talking to your friends it will be informal and you will probably use slang. However when talking to a professional like a GP you might talk in your own dialect and it can be informal but the GP is more likely to respond formally, they may also talk in Jargon. When communicating it needs to be effective, effective communication means that when communication we make sure the person can understand and receive the information we are giving. We need to also make sure it is appropriate and clear, communication must achieve an nderstanding and meet the service users needs otherwise it has no purpose. This relates to Argyles communication cycle. Argyle said that effective communication is a two way process, to make the communication effective the person you are communicating with needs to be able to understand the message and decoded it. If the individual cannot do this the communication is not effective. Communication needs to be clear and formal without using slan g or jargon, this will enable the receiver to understand the information and then the message is understood and the cycle can continue. Argyle argued that communication was a two way process and it is a cycle because when two people are communication they need to be able to understand what is being said otherwise the communication is not effective and has no point. Argyles cycle has 6 stages, the first stage is idea; you have an idea in your head that you would like to communicate with other people. The second stage is coding where you think through what you are going to say and make it understandable to the receiver. The third stage is sending the message, you communicate with the receiver either by speaking, writing or in another way. The fourth stage is receiving; the other person receives your message and hears or sees what you say. The fifth stage is when the message is decoded, this is when the person decodes your message and understands what you say. At this point in the cycle if the person cannot understand the message then the cycle stops the communication is not effective. For example when on placement if communicating with a person with dementia, they might not understand you or what you are saying to them. They might become forgetful and feel lost this is when the communication cycle is not effective as the person will have no idea what you are on about. To overcome this I will need find another way of communicating with the resident or find a carer that knows what to do and how to cope in these situations. There are many barriers and reasons on why the communication is not effective, one of these being disabilities. Disabilities are a big barrier within communication this is when you need to change the way you communicate to meet the needs of the service user. The service user in the home could be deaf; if he/she is deaf it is pointless speaking to the person as they won’t understand you. There is no point in raising your voice or speaking clearer to try and make the person understand. You will need to change the way you communicate sign language is a way you can communicate with the person. Deaf people have no problem talking with people who also communicate by BSL. So when in the home if a person is deaf and you cannot communicate with them as you don’t sign find someone that does. Residents in the home might also have sensory impairments meaning they might not be able to see, this is when we would use Braille to communicate. Language is also a barrier to communication, if one of the people in the home speaks French you will need to speak French back. You cannot communicate with someone of another language if you don’t know the language yourself. So you will need to either learn the language or find an interpreter. Culture can also cause communication barriers, some cultures are not allowed to look people in the eye, and they can’t give eye contact or be within a certain amount of space to someone. This means that if someone was 2 arms lengths away from you there is no point talking to them as they won’t be able to understand them, you would either have to write what you want to say down or in the form of a text/email. There are many more barriers to communication that we face daily; you will need to have an idea of what people will be expecting and how they will be expecting to speak when you open your mouth. Another communication theory is Tuckman’s stages of group interaction. Tuckman believed that communication in groups is influenced by the degree in which people feel they belong together. He believed that when people first meet the go through a process involving 4 stages, these being: forming, storming, norming and performing. The first stage is when the group meet for the first time and exchange information, the second stage is further on in the relationship when there is tension in the group causing arguments about the way in which the group may function or act. The third stage of the process is when the group are norming at this point the group are coming together and trying to agree on their group values and beliefs. After this stage everyone will begin to perform effectively as a group. For instance the service users in the residential home might be at the stage or storming/norming. This could be because I will be a new person in the home replacing one of the carers that has been there for many years, the service users might feel very nervous and scared, there might be tension in the group because of this and they might be norming over the carer that left. Tuckman’s theory can help to build relationships with the people in the home and make the communication more effective because it is broken down in stages. This makes it easier to build a relationship with people because in the first stage forming, this is when I as a new member of the team will join the group and exchange information about myself with others. From that point it is up to the people in the home to continue Tuckman’s theory as it is their choice if they accept me into the group. If they accept me then the communication process can continue and we will come together as a group. If I was to build a relationship with the people in the home I need to make sure I have some of the same things in common and I understand what they are going through and how they feel, this all comes down to my values and beliefs and if mine are the same as the groups. Argyles theory also helps to build a relationship with people because to even get the communication cycle started, I will need to understand the resident. I will need to know what is wrong with them, how they feel and if there are any barriers in the way of communication. This is because there is no point in me talking to someone who is deaf. They will not be able to hear me and understand what I’m saying so the communication cycle will stop. However I will be able to overcome this, I need to recognise the barriers and understand how I can get rid of them. For example I can communicate with the deaf person in other ways like using Braille or writing things down as they will be able to see and read. If I overcome this I can help to build a relationship with the people in the home and communication will be effective. However these theories do not work all the time for all people. In some cases it might be very hard to overcome certain barriers for example if the patient is both blind, deaf and cannot understand Braille what do you do. Cases like that are very hard to conquer and in that case the theories are not useful and the communication is not effective. There are many other limitations like language. If there is a person in the home that is French and I only speak German and there are no translators available what should I do? I can’t get a translator because no one in the home translates how I can overcome the barrier. In some cases that will occur in the residential home I will not be able to use the theories of communication. This is because there are limitations and no way to overcome these. This means the communication cycles and processes are not working and the communication is not effective to the residents. Both theories use different skills and strategies to gain effective communication. One of these skills being the appropriate method of communication to make sure they meet the service users needs. In both theories you need to use clear and appropriate communication, this is because if you don’t the service user will not be able to understand you and it will also make the communication not effective. By doing this you could also make the service user uncomfortable so when speaking to a service user you need to make sure you are professional and speak to them with respect and be clear so that they can understand you. This will enable you to create a better relationship with the person as they will be able to understand what you are saying and will be able to communicate back, this will also help you as the service user will then know that they can come and talk to you because they understand you. Jargon is another strategy that should not be used in any cycle, if you use Jargon some people won’t be able to understand you for example someone with learning disabilities won’t be able to understand it if u use Jargon, that is why you need to use an appropriate method of communication. If you do use Jargon then people are unable to decode your message and won’t receive it. This means that the coding you have given them isn’t good enough and clear so they can’t understand. To overcome this you will need to use clear speaking and clarity. In Tuckman’s theory formal communication is a strategy used. It is mainly used at the beginning of the relationship when you are forming as a group and meeting different people. People speak in a formal language because when they meet someone knew they try to give a good impression. However the further in the process the group gets and the more they get to know each other they might start talking with a more informal language and use their own dialect. Another skill that is used in the communication cycle is questioning. Questioning is a good skill to use as u can form relationships with people knowing that you understand them and they understand you. If I use questioning in my placement I will gain a better understanding of them, I will also find out more information about them and I can check that they have understood what I have said to them. By doing this you are able to communicate and make it effective. Listening is a skill I will also use in the placement that is used in both theories for argyles cycle listening is very important. If the person isn’t listening then they won’t understand the message and find it hard to understand what is going on. However in Tuckman’s theory listening helps to understand when in the process the group is at. Listening will help me in my placement as I will be able to learn new things about the residents I will also get ideas about the group I am going into and what stage in Tuckman’s theory I will be entering. This will make me have a better understanding of the model and how the group relate to it and if they also relate to Argyles. However these skills and strategies don’t always apply in all situations. In the home you might find yourself in a situation that you can’t use the skills to help you and you might need to get help form another carer or resident. Sometimes these strategies and skills are hard to use when working with people who have disabilities or speak a different language. This will mean that you will have to find alternative skills to use when communication with people who find it hard to understand. For example if you are communicating with someone of another language these skills and strategies will be hard to use. You won’t be able to keep asking them questions as they don’t understand your language. Also you will need to be careful in what body language you use otherwise some people can take it the wrong way and be offended. They are helpful but some of the times aren’t. For example if your talking to someone with dementia. Tuckman’s theory will not work, this is because people with dementia become forgetful and loos there memory. So using Tuckman’s theory of communication is not very appropriate when you know it wont get to many stages because of the disability. On the other hand Argyles communication cycle is very useful when using interpersonal interaction talking one to one. This is because the cycle goes round in a circle and it is very simple, so if the person cannot decode the message you can just explain it in a different way or make it more simple for them to understand. In conclusion I have found out that there are many different skills and strategies that I can use in my placement to help me use more effective communication with the residents. I have also learnt that both theories fit in to everyday life it just depends on the situation you are in which determines what theory u relate to and the way you use communication. I have also learnt that you need to use good communication and make it effective otherwise it is pointless.